An endodontic excisional biopsy is a procedure performed by endodontists, the specialists in treating dental pulp and surrounding tissues. It involves the surgical removal of a small piece of tissue from within the tooth or the surrounding area for pathological examination. This procedure is typically done to diagnose abnormalities, such as cysts, tumours or other lesions affecting the dental pulp or periapical area (around the tooth's root tip). Biopsy results help in determining the appropriate treatment plan, which may involve further surgical intervention, root canal therapy, or other dental procedures.